Operation Nemesis

Operation Nemesis –

Օperation Nemesis was the code-name for a covert operation in 1920s to assassinate the Turkish masterminds of the Armenian Genocide. The secret operation was headed by Armen Garo, Aaron Sachaklian and Shahan Natalie.

 After the end of World War I, the Ottoman military tribunal condemned to death the principal Young Turk leaders responsible for planning and execution of the Armenian Genocide. However at the conclusion of the trials the condemned were freed. They fled to European capitals living under assumed names. In the early 1920s, the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) at their 9th World Congress held in Yerevan approved a secret resolution called The Special Mission (Haduk Gordz) to punish the main perpetrators of the Armenian Genocide. Between 1920-1922 the perpetrators were located and felled by the Armenian avengers.

The Avengers
	Arshavir Shiragian was born in 1902. He assassinated Said Halim Pasha in Rome on December 5, 1921 and Djemal Azmi in Berlin on April 17, 1922. At the same time he also wounded Behaeddin Shakir Bey (while he was walking with Djemal Azmi) when seconds later Aram Yerganian shot Shakir Bey a second time in his forehead killing him. Arshavir Shiragian later moved to the United States and died in 1973.
	Soghomon Tehlirian was born in 1897. He assassinated Talat Pasha on March 15, 1921 in Berlin. Two of his accomplices in that operation were Hagop Zorian (Hazor) and Hratch Papazian. He was captured, tried and found not guilty. After the trial, he moved to the former Yugoslavia where he lived for nearly thirty years.  After the end of World War Two he and his family fled to Casablanca. Having been told by the ARF that Turkish agents were closing on him in 1956 he moved to The United States. He died in 1960 in San Francisco. He is buried in Fresno, CA.
	Misak Torlakian was born in 1890 in a village in the vilayet of Trebizond. After assassinating Bihbud Khan Jivanshir he was captured and tried by a British Military Court.A verdict of “guilty but not responsible” due to his mental condition at the time of the event was read on October 20, 1921. He was expelled to Greece and eventually moved to the United States. He died on November 12, 1968.
	Aram Yerganian was born in 1900. He assassinated an Azerbaijani government official by the name of Gasimbekov in 1920. In 1921 in Tiflis he assassinated Fathali Khan Khoiski responsible for the slather of 30,000 Armenians in Baku. Yerganian’s accomplice for the Tiflis operation was Misak Giraghossian. On April 17, 1922 in Berlin he assassinated Behaeddin Shakir. He was never captured. Aram Yerganian moved to Cordoba in South America where he died destitute at the age of 34 from tuberculosis.
	Stepan Dzaghigian assassinated Djemal Pasha on July 21, 1922 in Tbilisi. Thereafter he started a secret operation to provide food and clothing to fellow Armenians kept in Soviet prison camps in Siberia and Solovki Island. He was caught by The Cheka and never heard from again
	Bedros Der Boghosian was Stepan Dzaghigian’s accomplice in the assassination of Djemal Pasha in Tbilisi.
	Artashes Kevorkian was Stepan Dzaghigian’s accomplice in the assassination of Djemal Pasha in Tbilisi.
The Condemned

Fatali Khan Khoyski on June 19, 1920 in Tbilisi by Aram Yerganian

Fatali Khan Khoyski was the former Prime Minister of Azerbaijan chiefly responsible for Baku massacres.

He was assasinated on June 19, 1920 in Tiflis at Erevanian square by Aram Yerganian while walking with Khan Mahmadov (another condemned person) the former leader of the Mussavat party in the Baku parliment . Yerganian’s acomplice in this operation was Misak Giragossian. During the operation Mahmadov and Giragossian were wounded.

Talat Pasha on March 15, 1921 in Berlin by Soghomon Tehlirian

Talat Pasha was one of the leaders of the Young Turks and a leading member of Sublime Porte.
He was assassinated on March 15, 1921 at 17 Hardenberg Strasse in the Charlottenburg district of Berlin by Soghomon Tehlirian. Tehlirian was captured and after a two day trial on June 2-3, 1921 was acquitted of all charges.

Bihbud Khan Jivanshir on July 18, 1921 in Constantinople by Misak Torlakian

Bihbud Khan Jivanshir was the former interior minister of Azerbaijan responsible for the massacre of thousands of Armenians in Baku.

He was assassinated outside the Pera Palace hotel in Constantinople (Istanbul) on July 18, 1921 by Misak Torlakian. His accomplices for this operation were Yervant Fundukian and Harutiun Harutiunian. Torlakian was captured and tried by a British Military Court. A verdict of “guilty but not responsible” due to his mental condition at the time of the event was read on October 20, 1921. He was expelled to Greece and eventually moved to the United States.

Said Halim Pasha on December 5, 1921 in Rome by Arshavir Shiragian

Said Halim Pasha was the Ottoman Grand Vizier from 1913-1916 .

He was assassinated in his horse carriage on Via Nomentana on December 5, 1921 in Rome by Arshavir Shiragian. His accomplices for this operation were Michael Varantian the former ambassador of the Republic of Armenia to Italy and an agent by the name of “M”. Shiragian was not captured.

Behaeddin Shakir on April 17, 1922 in Berlin by Aram Yerganian

Dr. Behaeddin Shakir was a founding member of the Committee of Union and Progress.
He was assasinated on April 17, 1922 in Berlin by Aram Yerganian.

Behaeddin Shakir and Jemal Azmi were assasinated at the same time while walking with their families. After shooting Jemal Azmi, Arshavir Shiragian then wounded Behaeddin Shakir after which Aram Yerganian delivering the deadly shot.

Jemal Azmi on April 17, 1922 in Berlin by Arshavir Shiragian

Jemal Azmi also known as the monster of Trebizond was the governor-general of Trebizond.
He was assasinated on April 17, 1922 in Berlin by Arshavir Shiragian.

Behaeddin Shakir and Jemal Azmi were assasinated at the same time while walking with their families. After shooting Jemal Azmi, Arshavir Shiragian then wounded Behaeddin Shakir after which Aram Yerganian delivering the deadly shot.

Jemal Pasha on July 25, 1922 in Tbilisi by Stepan Dzaghigian

Djemal Pasha was one of the leaders of the Young Turks and a leading member of Sublime Porte. Due to his notorious cruelty he was known as Djemal the butcher.
He was assassinated on July 21, 1922 in Tbilisi by Stepan Dzaghigian. Dzaghigian’s acomplices in this operation were Bedros Der Boghosian and Artashes Kevorkian.

Enver Pasha in 1922 in Tajikistan by Hagop Melkumov an Armenian member of the Red Army.

Enver Pasha was one of the leaders of the Young Turks and a leading member of Sublime Porte.

He was killed in 1922 in Tajikistan by Hagop Melkumov an Armenian member of the Red Army.